CARRIAGE    載人車軒

VEHICLE PULLED by HORSES, USED by HUMANS FOR TRAVEL.
COACHCARPASSENGER CARFLATCARBOXCAR
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most general word for high class means of personal transport is perhaps xuān 軒, but see chē 車 in the more general VEHICLE. 2. Niǎn 輦 refers to a man-drawn and man-held cart. 3. Lù 輅 refers to a carriage for very high officials or even the Son of Heaven himself, typically drawn by four horses. 4. Quán 輇 refers to a Han dynasty carriage with solid wooden wheels. 5. Yáo 軺 refers to a convenient and fast small carriage drawn by one horse. 6. Píng 軿 refers to a carriage especially designed for the transportation of distinguished women, with curtains on all sides. 7. Wēn 轀 refers to a comfortable coach for long distance transportation.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 COMM 16. 重，載重車、輜重車的通稱，用來載物，并可作臥車。 重車因其用途、形制的不同而有不同的名稱。 棧車，一種是士人所乘簡易車，不可臥；另一種是役車，裝載雜物的簡易臥車。 ?? 車，西周後期已出現，上古是華美的車，也可作喪車用，漢代起主要作帝王或重要柱臣的高級喪車, 遂易其名為 “?? 輬 ” 。 兩種車均可臥死人，基本形制是：多輪，人牽挽，輿箱方而大，頂蓋及四周封閉，但有門窗可開合調溫；其式樣也多。 輜車，頂部有捲篷，還有後轅以延伸堆物，可以載物與臥人。 軿車，頂部與四周都障蔽，只留前面供上下車，無後轅，是供貴婦人坐臥的專車。
Modern Chinese Criteria
轎車 馬車 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Part of
  • BALDACHINVEHICLE PART in the form of a ROOF OVER a VEHICLE, ON a POLE, TYPICALLY RESEMBLING AN UMBRELLA.
See also
  • CHARIOTVEHICLE USED BY SOLDIERS IN WARFARE.
Hypernym
  • VEHICLE　TOOL USED FOR TRAVELLING OR TRANSPORTING THINGS ACROSS LONG DISTANCES. (anc: 6/0, child: 8)
  • TOOL　ARTEFACT PRODUCED FOR USE USING a DEFINED METHOD. (anc: 5/0, child: 53)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 10.75

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1400

    車，輿，輦，軒，軺，

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1400

    軿，輜

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 328

    • Words (24 items)

    大路  dà lù OC: daads ɡ-raaɡs MC: dɑi luo̝ 10 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]N=carriageceremonial carriage (often used as gift)
    軒  xuān OC: qhan MC: hi̯ɐn 8 Attributions

    The most general word for high class means of personal transport is perhaps xuān 軒, but see chē 車 in the more general VEHICLE.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 冕 / 絻/OFFICIAL HAT Miǎn 冕 refers specifically to the ceremonial hat worn by the emperor or the highest officials on the occasion of sacrifices, feasts and other special occasions. The kinds of miǎn 冕 worn were distinguished by rank.

      Syntactic words
    • naristocrat's chariot with curtains to hide the passenger, a status symbol
    輅  lù OC: ɡ-raaɡs MC: luo̝ 6 Attributions

    Lù 輅 refers to a carriage for very high officials or even the Son of Heaven himself, typically drawn by four horses.

      Syntactic words
    • nlarge chariot used by the emperor or very high officials, pulled by servants (the emperor's carriage being standardly called dà shèng 大乘)
    路  lù OC: ɡ-raaɡs MC: luo̝ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ncarriage
    輦  niǎn OC: renʔ MC: liɛn 2 Attributions

    Niǎn 輦 refers to a man-drawn and man-held cart.

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 車 / 車/VEHICLE The current general term for a vehicle is chē 車, a term which also refers even more generally to all contraptions with wheels

      Syntactic words
    • nman-drawn and man-held cart, handcart, in post-Han times specifically for kings or emperors
    轀  wēn OC: quun MC: ʔuo̝n 2 Attributions

    Wēn 轀 refers to a comfortable coach for long distance transportation.

      Syntactic words
    • nclosed carriage in which one could lie down and sleep
    轀車  wēn chē OC: quun khlja MC: ʔuo̝n tɕhɣɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPsleeping carriage
    次路  cì lù OC: snʰis ɡ-raaɡs MC: tshi luo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPornamented carriage, second to the 先路 highly ornamented variety
    乘輿  shèng yú OC: ɢjɯŋs k-la MC: ʑɨŋ ji̯ɤ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP{N1&N2}cariage of an emperor or feudal lord
    轏  zhàn OC: dzreenʔ MC: ɖʐɣɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nsleeping carriage
    從車  cóng chē OC: dzoŋ khlja MC: dzi̯oŋ tɕhɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • naccompanying carriage (used by noblemen)
    軒車  xuān chē OC: qhan khlja MC: hi̯ɐn tɕhɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPstately chariotCH
    魚軒  yú xuān OC: ŋɡla qhan MC: ŋi̯ɤ hi̯ɐn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NParistocratic lady's carriage
    先路  xiān lù OC: sɯɯn ɡ-raaɡs MC: sen luo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPelaborately ornamented carriage
    藩  fān OC: pan MC: pi̯ɐn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadNof the type of a covered carriage for the use of high officials or distinguished ladies
    軺  yáo OC: lew MC: jiɛu 0 Attributions

    Yáo 軺 refers to a convenient and fast small carriage drawn by one horse.

      Syntactic words
    • nconvenient small cart drawn by one horse
    軿  píng OC: beeŋ MC: beŋ 0 Attributions

    Píng 軿 refers to a carriage especially designed for the transportation of distinguished women, with curtains on all sides.

      Syntactic words
    • ncart for the use of women with curtains on all sides
    輬  liáng OC: ɡ-raŋ MC: li̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ncarriage 宣輬
    輲  chuán OC: ɡjon MC: dʑiɛn 0 Attributions

    Quán 輇 refers to a Han dynasty carriage with solid wooden wheels.

      Syntactic words
    • ncart with solid wheels (Han times)
    二輿  èr yú OC: njis k-la MC: ȵi ji̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactto ride in a double carriage
    安車  ān chē OC: qaan khlja MC: ʔɑn tɕhɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP{vadN}comfortable carriage for long distance travel
    溫輬車  wēn liáng chē OC: quun ɡ-raŋ khlja MC: ʔuo̝n li̯ɐŋ tɕhɣɛ
    溫輬車  wēn liáng jū OC: quun ɡ-raŋ kla MC: ʔuo̝n li̯ɐŋ ki̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPcarriage for comfortable travel
    軒騎  xuān qí OC: qhan ɡral MC: hi̯ɐn giɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • naristocrat's chariot with side-riders on horseback as guards
    筍  sǔn OC: sqʷlinʔ MC: sʷin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nbamboo carriage (GONGYANG)