STABLE    牲口棚牢

BUILDING USED FOR REARING DOMESTIC ANIMALS.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Láo 牢 is perhaps the most general term for a stable for any animals, but it appears that the term specifically referred to pens without roofs. [The word occurs already in oracle bone inscriptions where it most probably refers to the oxen or sheep raised in pens and then used for sacrifices. The character shows a cow or a sheep within rectangular pen or stable with narrow exit which is similar in shape to the stable known from Han models. [WANG 1993: 195; SUN 1991: 212; JGJWZD 1993: 60 - 61; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-2] 2. Juàn 圈 is a stable for animals, especially sheep and dogs. [(WANG 1993: 195). Dog and sheep stables known from Han models are usually very small: SUN 1991: 212 - 214; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-3, 53-6; HAYASHI 1976: pp. 63, tab. 4-17] 3. Jiù 廄 is the current term for horse stables. [(WANG 1993: 195). Horses were usually under central control, and from Han times there are official seals with titles such us director of horse stables etc.. [SUN 1991: 212 - 214; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-9] 4. Zào 皂 is occasionally used for horse or cattle stables. 5. Lì 櫪 is a current word for horse stables. The word usually refers to the horse trough, but by extension also to the stable. 6. Hùn 溷／圂 is a pigsty. The pigsty was in Han times at the same time used as a toilet. [WANG 1993: 195; SUN 1991: 212; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-4; HAYASHI 1976: pp. 63, tab. 4-16] 7. Jiàn 檻 is a pen used to keep wild animals in captivity. 8. Shí 塒 refers to a chicken pen, and the word occurs already in SHIJING. This is known from one Han model which shows the wall with four holes, with one chicken or duck whithin each. [SUN 1991: 215; XIANG 1997: 573] 9. Xián 閑 is another word for horse stable. [HANYU DACIDIAN 1992: vol. 12: pp. 69] Jié 桀 refers to the wooden STAKE for chicken; the word is known already from SHJING: SUN 1991: 215; XIANG 1997: 305; SUN 1991: 53-8; HAYASHI 1976: pp. 63, tab. 4-22]
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 ANIMALS 41. 柙，周以木條、方形大木籠。 檻，周以木柵條、大小不等的方形木籠，也可關禽鳥。 櫳，圓柱形落地木籠。 圈，藩籬周繞的圓形關養場所。 牢，堅固的關養場所。 閑，指關養馬匹的場所。 圂，關養豬的場所。 廁，關養豬兼人廁的場所。 闌，關養馬牛羊的場所。
Modern Chinese Criteria
牲口棚 圈 欄 牢 囿 苑 櫳 廄 棧 舍 棚 柙 檻 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
See also
  • CAGEBOX to REAR BIRDS OR ANIMALS IN, TYPICALLY MADE OF TIMBER, BAMBOO, OR METAL.
Hypernym
  • BUILDING　BIG ARTEFACT PRODUCED FOR HUMANS OR ANIMALS to DWELL in OR BE-IN, or MOVE ON. (anc: 5/0, child: 23)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 3.19

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 788

    Pferdestall:

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 88A

    • Words (14 items)

    廄  jiù OC: kus MC: kɨu 10 Attributions

    Jiù 廄 is the current term for horse stables. [(WANG 1993: 195). Horses were usually under central control, and from Han times there are official seals with titles such us director of horse stables etc.. [SUN 1991: 212 - 214; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-9]

      Syntactic words
    • nhorse stable; occasionally: fodder house (for horse fodder)
    檻  jiàn OC: ɡraamʔ MC: ɦɣam 3 Attributions

    Jiàn 檻 is a pen used to keep wild animals in captivity.

      Syntactic words
    • npen; shed for wild beasts or for domestic animals; fenced enclosure
    棧  zhàn OC: dzraans MC: ɖʐɣan 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nshed for animals; stall
    皂  zào OC: dzuuʔ MC: dzɑu
    皁  zào OC: sgluuʔ MC: dzɑu 2 Attributions

    Zào 皂 is occasionally used for horse or cattle stables.

      Syntactic words
    • nLSCQ: horse stable
    塒  shí OC: ɡljɯ MC: dʑɨ 1 Attribution

    Shí 塒refers to a chicken pen, and the word occurs already in SHIJING. This is known from one Han model which shows the wall with four holes, with one chicken or duck whithin each. [SUN 1991: 215; XIANG 1997: 573]

      Syntactic words
    • nSHI: chicken pen
    廠  chǎng OC: khljaŋʔ MC: tɕhi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nhorse stable (this word is very rare)
    牢  láo OC: ruu MC: lɑu 1 Attribution

    Láo 牢 is perhaps the most general term for a stable for any animals. [The word occurs already in oracle bone inscriptions where it most probably refers to the oxen or sheep raised in pens and then used for sacrifices. The character shows a cow or a sheep within rectangular pen or stable with narrow exit which is similar in shape to the stable known from Han models. [WANG 1993: 195; SUN 1991: 212; JGJWZD 1993: 60 - 61; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-2]

      Syntactic words
    • nstable for any animal, especially sheep or goats, horses as well as buffalo; HF 8.9.5: stable presumed to be for goats
    圈檻  juàn jiàn OC: ɡronʔ ɡraamʔ MC: giɛn ɦɣam 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialstables
    閑  xián OC: ɢreen MC: ɦɣɛn 0 Attributions

    Xián 閑is another word for horse stable. [HANYU DACIDIAN 1992: vol. 12: pp. 69]

      Syntactic words
    • nhorse stable
    圂  hùn OC: ɢuuns MC: ɦuo̝n 0 Attributions

    Hùn 溷／圂 is a pigsty. The pigsty was in Han times at the same time used as a toilet. [WANG 1993: 195; SUN 1991: 212; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-4; HAYASHI 1976: pp. 63, tab. 4-16]

      Syntactic words
    • ntoilet which serves at the same time as a pigsty
    圈  juàn OC: ɡronʔ MC: giɛn 0 Attributions

    Juàn 圈 is a stable for animals, especially sheep and dogs. [(WANG 1993: 195). Dog and sheep stables known from Han models are usually very small: SUN 1991: 212 - 214; ill.: SUN 1991: 53-3, 53-6; HAYASHI 1976: pp. 63, tab. 4-17]

      Syntactic words
    • nstable for any animal, especially sheep and dogs
    櫪  lì OC: reeɡ MC: lek 0 Attributions

    Lì 櫪 is a current word for horse stables. The word usually refers to the horse trough, but by extension also to the stable.

      Syntactic words
    • nhorse stable
    馬圉  mǎ yǔ OC: mraaʔ ŋaʔ MC: mɣɛ ŋi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPhorse stable
    馬屋  mǎ wū OC: mraaʔ qooɡ MC: mɣɛ ʔuk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPhorse stable