RECTITUDE    義務

VIRTUE which consists in an ENDURING DESIRE to ACT CONFORMING to what is APPROPRIATE.
FAIRNESSJUSTNESSFAIR PLAYFAIR-MINDEDNESSEQUITYEVENHANDEDNESSIMPARTIALITYOBJECTIVITYNEUTRALITYDISINTERESTEDNESSHONESTYRIGHTEOUSNESSMORALSMORALITY
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most general word is yì 義 "rectitude" which is often used to refer to what is proper and what is one's proper duty in general and also duties in particular. 2. Rèn 任 refers to duties insofar as these impose burdens of responsibility. 3. Zé 責 refers to duties insofar as these represent demands that others do make or can make on one. 4. Zhí 職 refers specifically to official public duties that are part of one's public office.
Modern Chinese Criteria
義務 任務 職責 天職 職志 職分 職掌 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hypernym
  • VIRTUE　EXCELLENCE of CHARACTER IN a PERSON. (anc: 5/0, child: 8)
  • EXCELLENT　FEATURE BECAUSE of which SOMETHING OR SOMEONE IS OR SHOULD BE PREFERRED to OTHERS (anc: 4/0, child: 11)
  • FEATURE　ABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE. (anc: 3/0, child: 19)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 9.943

  • Semantica del Griego Antiguo ( HERNANDEZ 2000) p. 42n170

    Havelock, Justice

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    OFFICIUM

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p.

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.329

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 7.405

    PFLICHT

    • Words (7 items)

    義  yì OC: ŋrals MC: ŋiɛ 37 Attributions

    The most general word is yì 義 "rectitude" which is often used to refer to what is proper and what is one's proper duty in general and also duties in particular.

      Word relations
    • Result: 禮/RITUAL The current general term for everything relating to the system of ritual propriety is lǐ 禮. However the term can also be used to refer to individual prescribed rituals.
    • Ant: 淫/UNRESTRAINED Yín 淫 can come to refer to extravagance as a symptom of general indulgence.
    • Object: 行/ACT The current general word for any deliberate action one may be held morally and/or administratively responsible for is xíng 行 (ant. zhǐ 止 "decide not to take action"). The nominal entries have the old reading xìng. [COMMENDATORY!], [GENERAL], [HABITUAL], [RESPONSIBLE]
    • Assoc: 理/PRINCIPLE Lǐ 理 refers to inherent structuring patterns of things.
    • Assoc: 禮/RITUAL The current general term for everything relating to the system of ritual propriety is lǐ 禮. However the term can also be used to refer to individual prescribed rituals.
    • Oppos: 利/PROFIT Lì 利 (1. ant. yì 義 "considerations of rectitude"(!!); 2. ant. hài 害 "damage and loss suffered") refers to material profit.

      Syntactic words
    • n[adN]N=humdutiful persons, men of rectitude, persons with a sense of what is just
    • nab.adVby means of rectitude, acting in accordance with dutyCH
    • nab.post-Nthe sense of duty, the rectitude of NCH
    • nab.tconceptduty towards N ???
    • nab[post-N]the sense of duty of the person involved; [his] notion of what is rightDS
    • nabconceptnotion of what is right
    • nabmetaphysicalwhat is right; duty, as in 吾義　"my duty"
    • nabvaluerighteousness as a personal valueCH
    • nab{PRED}be a case of morally appropriate actionCH
    • vi0rectitude prevails, righteousness prevailsCH
    • vidispositionbe righteous in dispositionDS
    • vtoNputativeconsider as moreally right; consider as being just
    任  rèn OC: njɯms MC: ȵim 15 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabresponsibilities, official assignments; responsibility. See also BURDEN.fig
    • viacttake on duties, be in charge
    • vt+prep+Ntake responsibility for
    • vtoNtake responsibility for, take upon oneself the responsibility for
    • vtoNcausativecause (oneself) to carry out as a duty, cause (oneself) to undertake as a duty
    • vtoNcausativeburdern (oneself) with a duty
    • vttoN1.+VtoN2causativeburden (oneself) with the duty of N2 or the responsibility for N2
    本分  běn fèn OC: pɯɯnʔ bɯns MC: puo̝n bi̯un 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPactoriginal fate > allotted duty; often referring to one's concrete duty or responsibility; one's assigned job
    • NPadNoriginally alloted > as duty; of duty
    責  zé OC: skreeɡ MC: ʈʂɣɛk 3 Attributions

    Zé 責 refers to duties insofar as these represent demands that others do make or can make on one.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}obligations
    • nabsocialobligation, responsibility
    正義  zhèng yì MC: tsyengH ngjeH OC: tjeŋs ŋrals 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabconceptnotion of moral rectitude, moral principlesLZ
    公義  gōng yì MC: kuwng ngjeH OC: klooŋ ŋrals 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabcommon goodLZ
    戍  shù OC: qhjos MC: ɕi̯o 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabactmilitary term of office; military duty