VEHICLE    車子車

TOOL USED FOR TRAVELLING OR TRANSPORTING THINGS ACROSS LONG DISTANCES.
MEANS OF TRANSPORTCONVEYANCEMOTOR VEHICLE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general term for a vehicle is chē 車, a term which also refers even more generally to all contraptions with wheels. 2. Jià 駕 refers to a yoked carriage. 3. Yù 御 refers to a yoked carriage, with driver in place, ready to go. 4. Yú 輿 refers originally to the compartment xiāng 箱 of the carriage, but came to be used as a general term for a carriage used for transporting people. See CARRIAGE 5. Chéng 乘 is the general noun classifier for all vehicles, and this word must be carefully from the shèng 乘 "war chariot". See CHARIOT 6. Zhěn 軫 "back bord on a carriage" is often used to refer to a carriage as a whole, by synecdoche.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 COMM 6. 車，陸路輪行交通工具的總稱。 輦，用人拉或推的車，先秦主要用作輔助勞動的運輸工具；秦漢以後引申專指帝王后妃坐的車。 輿，本指車箱，先秦即可引申為車，有文言色彩。 軫，本指車箱底部四周的橫木，代稱車，使用不多，後世不用。 COMM 15. 輕車，供人旅行或作戰的車，總稱；指旅行車（坐車），又可包括路車、安車等。 路，路車，上古天子所乘坐的華美坐車，諸侯、卿大夫受賜也可乘坐。 安，安車，本是婦人、老臣所乘一馬駕的小型坐車，戰國起還多用於朝廷禮聘賢者，用四馬駕。 輶，輶車，使者所乘輕快坐車。 軒，軒車，卿大夫所乘、車轅上翹、設置轓蔽的坐車。 軺，軺車，張車蓋、不設帷幔、可四面遠望的坐車，式樣很多。凡此都是各級官員專用車，有等級差別。 COMM 11. 車上重要的小構件有三。 軏（ yu[U+00e8] ），在衡、輈的交處鑿圓孔，插入的半尺長木橛。 若雙轅端部則與弧曲形衡軛相連，其交處圓孔所插木橛稱輗（ n[U+00ed] ）。也有交處設 U 形銅紐。二者均用革贊帶縛結。另一重要插銷是插在車 ?? ?? 漱 T 寸之轄。 COMM 13. [ 車＋奇 ] ，兩旁的樣板。車又寸，輿前後欄板。 較，� ˆ 上加橫木作把手，有時再加邊緣翻出的銅飾，成為 “ 重較 ” 。 軨，輿四周木格欄擋，又稱 “ 軹 ” 。 轖，軨外蒙覆以障蔽的皮革。軾，輿前可扶憑的橫木。 軫，輿底部四周橫木。 軫，可代稱車箱、車。 軓，輿前軫木交輈轅處有固輈轅的半圓形銅飾。 輿後軫下則有踵飾。
Modern Chinese Criteria
車 車輛 車子 輿 軫 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • SHIP　VEHICLE FOR TRANSPORT on WATER. (anc: 7/0, child: 6)
  • CHARIOT　VEHICLE USED BY SOLDIERS IN WARFARE. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • CARRIAGE　VEHICLE PULLED by HORSES, USED by HUMANS FOR TRAVEL. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • CART　VEHICLE USED to TRANSPORT THINGS. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • PRISON VEHICLE　A VEHICLE used to TRANSPORT PRISONERS. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • BARROW　VEHICLE PRODUCED so as to be PUSHED by ONE HUMAN. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • PALANQUIN　CHAIR CARRIED ON SHOULDERS, USING POLES. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • SLEDGE　VEHICLE WHICH SLIDES ON SNOW (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
Part of
  • AXLE
  • BRAKETOOL USED to CAUSE A VEHICLE to STOP OR to BECOME MORE SLOW.
  • CARRIAGE BOXThe VEHICLE PART which serves as container for what is being transported in vehicles, and its constituent parts.
  • CARRIAGE POLEThe large STICK or pole at the front of a carriage as a VEHICLE PART.
  • CARRIAGE SCREENVEHICLE PART in the form of a CURTAIN which blocks the view inside the carriage.
  • VEHICLE PARTSPARTS of a VEHICLE.
See also
  • TOOLARTEFACT PRODUCED FOR USE USING a DEFINED METHOD.
Hypernym
  • TOOL　ARTEFACT PRODUCED FOR USE USING a DEFINED METHOD. (anc: 5/0, child: 53)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 10.75

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 1966) p. 248

    Wagen:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 827

    Wagen, zweiraedrige etc, etc:

  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 51

  • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 18

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 249

  • 中國文化史三百題 ( SANBAITI 1987) p. 220

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1397

    輂，車plus共on right

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 81

  • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. no. 81

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 127B

    • Words (31 items)

    車  chē OC: khlja MC: tɕhɣɛ
    車  jū OC: kla MC: ki̯ɤ 36 Attributions

    The current general term for a vehicle is chē 車, a term which also refers even more generally to all contraptions with wheels

      Word relations
    • Object: 登/ASCEND Dēng 登 refer to one entering a vehicle or moving onto a higher surface of any kind, typically (but not always) in a dignified manner. [ELEVATED!]; [[CURRENT]]
    • Object: 稅 / 脫 / 脫/UNTIE
    • Object: 駕/DRIVE Jià 駕 is to get the horses and/or a conveyance ready for driving, or to order this to be done, and then by extension the going to a place by a conveyance.
    • Epithet: 輕 / 輕/LIGHTWEIGHT The standard word for something being of little weight is qīng 輕, and I have not found any current near-synonyms.
    • Contrast: 輦/CARRIAGE Niǎn 輦 refers to a man-drawn and man-held cart.

      Syntactic words
    • nconveyance, cart; vehicle on wheels, especially but not always for longish-distance travel; contraption with wheels;
    • n(post-N)the vehicle of the contextually determinate person
    • n(post-N)the vehicle of the contextually determinate NCH
    • nadNvehicle-like, provided with wheels
    • nadVinstrumentby use of vehicles 車載；　between carts or vehicles 車裂
    • nadVmannerin the manner of a cart, like a cart
    • nnonreferentialvehicles, chariots of any kind
    • viactproceed by vehicle, travel by carriage
    • vtoNput a carriage to (an ox)
    乘  shèng MC: -- OC: ɢjɯŋs 15 Attributions

    Chéng 乘 is the general noun classifier for all vehicles, and this word must be carefully from the shèng 乘 "war chariot". See CHARIOTCHARIOT

      Syntactic words
    • nread shèng: vehicleCH
    • ncpost-V{NUM}.post-Nclassifierclassifier for carts
    輿  yú OC: k-la MC: ji̯ɤ 14 Attributions

    Yú 輿 refers originally to the compartment xiāng 箱 of the carriage, but came to be used as a general term for a carriage used for transporting people. See CARRIAGE

      Word relations
    • Object: 乘/RIDE
    • Assoc: 舟/SHIP The general term for any ship, large or small, is zhōu 舟. [The word occurs already in the oracle bone inscriptions and in SHIJING. According to some opinions it originally referred to the boat made of one piece of wood, but it is not certain. The earliest forms of the character resemble the small ship made already from several planks. . Note that in Western Zhou times, ship also played certain role in some rituals performed by the king, which probably took place in the pool within royal palace.
    • Assoc: 車 / 車/VEHICLE The current general term for a vehicle is chē 車, a term which also refers even more generally to all contraptions with wheels

      Syntactic words
    • nluxury carriage, coach for the transport of persons or things (originally refers to compartment on the carriage)
    • nabmetaphysicalabstract vehicle
    馹  rì OC: mljiɡ MC: ȵit 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nZUO Wen 16: post carriage
    • nadVusing changing horses by post carriageCH
    輿馬  yú mǎ MC: yo maeX OC: k-la mraaʔ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPluxury carriage with horses to draw itLZ
    載  zài 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ncarriage, vehicle transportTC
    • vt[oN]load the vehicleDS
    駕  jià OC: kraals MC: kɣɛ 3 Attributions

    Jià 駕 refers to a yoked carriage.

      Syntactic words
    • nK: yoked carriage with its horses
    革車  gé chē OC: krɯɯɡ khlja MC: kɣɛk tɕhɣɛ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPmilitary technical term: heavy leather-covered battle wagon
    兵車  bīng chē OC: praŋ khlja MC: pɣaŋ tɕhɣɛ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NParmed vehicle> war chariot
    乘車  shèng chē OC: ɢjɯŋs khlja MC: ʑɨŋ tɕhɣɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralhorse-drawn vehicles, carts and chariots of all kinds; ordinary vehicle
    輈  zhōu OC: krliw MC: ʈɨu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nvehicle, carriage
    車乘  chē shèng OC: khlja ɢjɯŋs MC: tɕhɣɛ ʑɨŋ
    車乘  jū shèng OC: kla ɢjɯŋs MC: ki̯ɤ ʑɨŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPmvehicles
    服乘  fú shèng OC: bɯɡ ɢjɯŋs MC: buk ʑɨŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPcarriage; means of transport
    廣  guǎng OC: kʷaaŋʔ MC: kɑŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nlarge vehicle
    輛  liàng OC: raŋs MC: li̯ɐŋ
    輛兩  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nvehicle; carriage
    馳車  chí chē OC: rlal khlja MC: ɖiɛ tɕhɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPcmilitary technical term: light battle chariot
    鹿車  lù chē MC: luwk tsyhae OC: b-rooɡ khlja 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadVusing a small and narrow carriot DS
    舟輿  zhōu yú OC: kljiw k-la MC: tɕɨu ji̯ɤ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialmeans of transport
    大車  dà chē MC: dajH tsyhae OC: daads khlja 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPbovine-driven vehicleDS
    御  yù OC: ŋas MC: ŋi̯ɤ 1 Attribution

    Yù 御 refers to a yoked carriage, with driver in place, ready to go.

      Syntactic words
    • ncarriage with a horse, ready to go
    樓車  lóu chē OC: ɡ-roo khlja MC: lu tɕhɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPtwo-storeyed vehicle/carriage/chariot
    巢車  cháo chē OC: dzraaw khlja MC: ɖʐɣɛu tɕhɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPobservation vehicle (for observation of enemy positions in warfare)
    巾車  jīn chē MC: kin tsyhae OC: krɯn khlja 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPheavy vehicle with a curtainDS
    軫  zhěn OC: kljɯnʔ MC: tɕin 0 Attributions

    Zhěn 軫 "back bord on a carriage" is often used to refer to a carriage as a whole, by synecdoche.

      Syntactic words
    • ncarriage
    軻  kē OC: khlaal MC: khɑ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nkind of carriage
    輂  jú OC: koɡ MC: ki̯ok 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nlarge carriage
    轙  yǐ OC: ŋralʔ MC: ŋiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nsometimes refers to a whole carriage
    連  lián OC: b-ren MC: liɛn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nhand-drawn cart
    寶車  bǎo chē OC: puuʔ khlja MC: pɑu tɕhɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPvehicle adorned with the Seven Treasures
    車輿  chē yú OC: khlja k-la MC: tɕhɣɛ ji̯ɤ
    車輿  jū yú OC: kla k-la MC: ki̯ɤ ji̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPconveyances
    甸  diàn OC: ɡ-liiŋs MC: den 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ncarriage of a minister ZUO: 左:良夫乘衷甸 Liang Fu rode in the carriage of a mid-rank minister.