UNTRUE   

LACKING TRUTH OR CONTRARY to REALITY.
WRONGFALSEUNTRUTHFULFABRICATEDMADE UPINVENTEDCONCOCTEDTRUMPED UPERRONEOUSWRONGINCORRECTINACCURATEFALLACIOUSFICTITIOUSUNSOUNDUNFOUNDEDBASELESSMISGUIDED
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Fēi 非 refers to something being untrue and thus to be rejected. 2. Xū 虛 claims that something is to be rejected because it is insufficiently founded on solid fact.
Modern Chinese Criteria
不真實 不對 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • ABSURD　UNTRUE so that MANY are NOT ABLE to IMAGINE IT to be TRUE.   (anc: 8/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • TRUEEXIST CONFORMing to SPEAK(what is claimed). (BE AS SAID(asserted))[[NB: the subject of this syntactic predicate is the situation identified in the "sentence" of which this syntactic predicate is predicated. "God made Heaven and Earth" is TRUE iff the situation identified in this sentence (the creation of Heaven and Earth by God) EXISTS(i.e. occurred).]
  • CORRECTAPPROPRIATE so as to FIT the FACTS or the PRINCIPLES PERFECTLY.
Hypernym
  • LACK　SITUATION OF NOT HAVING, OR NOT to BEING-IN the UNIVERSE. (anc: 6/0, child: 48)
  • SITUATION　RELATION in which MANY HUMANS, FEATURES OR THINGS EXIST TOGETHER OR INTERACT. (anc: 5/0, child: 11)
  • RELATION　FEATURE of TWO OR MORE THINGS TOGETHER. (anc: 4/0, child: 15)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.74

  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 167

    FALSUM, FICTUM

    221. Inter Falsum et fictum. Falsum ad oratores pertinet, ubi veritas saepe ita luditur, ut quae facta sunt negentur; fictum vero ad poetas, ubi quae facta non sunt facta dicuntur. Falsum est ergo quod verum non est; fictum quod tantum verisimile est.

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. I.458

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 370

    • Words (9 items)

    虛言  xū yán OC: qhla ŋan MC: hi̯ɤ ŋi̯ɐn 23 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtextempty speeches, unsubstantiated claim; idle propositions; idle statement; unfounded statement; lies
    非  fēi OC: pɯl MC: pɨi 22 Attributions

    Fēi 非 refers to something being untrue and thus to be rejected.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 是/TRUE Shì 是 (ant. fēi 非 "wrong") refers prototypically to what invites assent or approval.

      Syntactic words
    • nabfactualwhat is untrue
    • vibe untrue (of statements)
    • vigradedbe untrue
    • vilogicalbe a logical mistake, be logically wrongCH
    • visubj=nonhumanbe false; be wrong; be untrueDS
    • vtoNpassivebe regarded as wrong
    • vtoNputativeregard as untrue
    • vtoNputative.reflex.自consider (oneself) as in the wrong
    虛  xū OC: qhla MC: hi̯ɤ 11 Attributions

    Xū 虛 claims that something is to be rejected because it is insufficiently founded on solid fact.

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 言/SPEAK Yán 言 is to speak up, propose, typically in public, and on one's own initiative, to maintain something, and the word can indroduce direct speech as well as occasionally very limited indirect speech.
    • Synon: 空/UNTRUE

      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]mistakeVK
    • vadNuntrue; unsubstantiated
    • vadVfalsely, without solid foundation in truth
    • vibe unfounded; be without real substance; be unsubstantiated
    虛妄  xū wàng OC: qhla maŋs MC: hi̯ɤ mi̯ɐŋ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNempty and unfounded; insubstantial and misguided
    • VPibe illusory; be untrue, falsely established, be false, be an illusion, be provisional
    空  kōng OC: khooŋ MC: khuŋ 3 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • vadVgroundlessly
    虛辭  xū cí OC: qhla zɯ MC: hi̯ɤ zɨ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactlies, a statement without reason
    外  wài OC: ŋoods MC: ŋɑi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNexternal to the true faith> heterodox 外書 "heterodox writings"
    無實事  wú shí shì OC: ma ɢljiɡ dzrɯs MC: mi̯o ʑit ɖʐɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiBUDDH: be without substance, be ultimately untrue
    不然  bù rán OC: pɯʔ njen MC: pi̯ut ȵiɛn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfactualuntruth