ARTS    文藝藝

SKILLS BELIEVED to be IMPORTANT FOR EDUCATION OR AMUSEMENT.
Old Chinese Criteria
[AESTHETIC/MORAL] [[CURRENT/RARE]] [ELEVATED/VULGAR] [GENERAL/SPECIALISED] 1. The most general word for the polite arts in ancient China is yì 藝. [GENERAL] 2. Wén 文 (ant. wǔ 武 "martial arts) refers to higher literary fine arts including belles lettres as well as ritual. [AESTHETIC], [ELEVATED], [SPECIALISED]; [[CURRENT]] 3. Wǔ 武 refers specifically to the martial arts. [SPECIALISED]; [[CURRENT]] 4. Yǎ 雅 sometimes describes something as belonging to the realm of what is formed in a dignified way in accordance with the arts. See ELEGANT [ELEVATED], [MORAL]
Modern Chinese Criteria
文藝 first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL. 18.11.2003. CH/
Hyponym
  • MUSIC　ART USING SOUNDS. (anc: 9/0, child: 0)
  • ACROBATICS　The ART of SHOWING SKILL IN BODY MOVEMENT INTENDing to ENTERTAIN MANY.  (anc: 9/0, child: 0)
  • RHETORIC　Oneof the ARTS, that of ELOQUENCE. (anc: 9/0, child: 0)
  • DANCEnew-827ae20e-1983-46d2-bae2-0e198386d270　WALK AND JUMP RITUALLY so as to CONFORM to the RHYTHM of MUSIC; ONE OF THE ARTS. (anc: 9/0, child: 0)
See also
  • METHODSYSTEM of ACTS USING which one is ABLE to SUCCEED IN a TASK. 
Hypernym
  • SKILLFUL　ABLE to ACT:do something BECAUSE one has LEARNT NECESSARY METHODS.  (anc: 7/0, child: 6)
  • ABLE　HAVE FEATURES one NEEDS in SELF:oneself FOR ACHIEVING something. (anc: 6/0, child: 16)
  • HAVE　RELATION to something such that it BE-IN:is in one OR is CONTROLLED by one. (anc: 5/0, child: 5)
  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 108

    ART

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    ARTS

    literae refers to the arts and sciences in a narrow sense, only as literature or the sciences so far as they are laid down in books, and, together with other branches of knowledge, enrich the mind, and are the means of sharpening the understanding and forming the taste.

    artes refers to the arts and sciences in the widest sense of the word, so far as knoweldge of them immediately attests intellectual cultivation and readiness in the practical application of the sciences.

    doctrina refers to particular parts of the general objects of knowledge formed into systems, especially the more speculative and abstract parts of philosophical and learned education.

    disciplina refers to particular parts of the general objects of knowledge formed into systems, especially the more practical parts athat are conduceive to the purposes of life.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    ARS

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. 263

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 228

    artificium refers to a craft.

    ars can refer to any ability, but the word refers specifically to the fine arts.

  • 中華古代文化辭典 Zhonghua gudai wenhua cidian ( QIAN YULIN 1996) p. 238-252

    Traditional Chinese art and and arts and crafts terminology simply explained.

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 1.532

    ARTES LIBERALES/ARTES MECHANICAE

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik ( UEDING 1992ff) p. 4.1439

  • New Dictiornary of the History of Ideas, 6 vols. ( HOROWITZ 2005) p.

    • Words (11 items)

    文  wén OC: mɯn MC: mi̯un 26 Attributions

    Wén 文 (ant. wǔ 武 "martial arts) refers to higher literary fine arts including belles lettres as well as ritual. [AESTHETIC], [ELEVATED], [SPECIALISED]; [[CURRENT]]

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 禮/RITUAL The current general term for everything relating to the system of ritual propriety is lǐ 禮. However the term can also be used to refer to individual prescribed rituals.
    • Assoc: 學/STUDY The dominant word is xué 學 (ant. jiào 教 "train teach")which refers primarily to studying or training under another person, and secondarily to the learning by heart texts. Very often, the word retains a tinge of immitation.
    • Assoc: 章/PATTERN Zhāng 章 is specifically a conspicuous pattern in red and white.
    • Assoc: 薄/WEAK Bào 薄 (ant. zhuàng 壯 "strong and vigorous") can refer to a low or weak intensity of something.
    • Oppos: 武/WARFARE Wǔ 武 "military affairs" (ant. wén 文 "civil affairs") refers not so much to battles and military action, but to the administration of military affairs in general.
    • Oppos: 行/ACT The current general word for any deliberate action one may be held morally and/or administratively responsible for is xíng 行 (ant. zhǐ 止 "decide not to take action"). The nominal entries have the old reading xìng. [COMMENDATORY!], [GENERAL], [HABITUAL], [RESPONSIBLE]

      Syntactic words
    • n[adN]N=humperson of non-military civil specialisation, civilian person
    • nabthe civil arts; the exercise of polite arts, polite accomplishments; external visible accomplishments; non-military accomplishments
    • nadNbeing inclined towards the arts; specialising in the civil (rather than military) arts; having a liking for literature
    • vibe highly cultured, be familiar with the polite arts
    文學  wén xué OC: mɯn ɡruuɡ MC: mi̯un ɦɣɔk 19 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]definitethe group of litterati
    • NPabactliterary pursuits; literary studies; scholarship; the liberal arts culturual studies; the polite arts; cultural achievements
    • NPadNdevoted to the liberal arts
    • NPadNnonreferentialmen devoted to literary pursuits and to the liberal arts, intellectuals
    藝  yì OC: ŋeds MC: ŋiɛi 9 Attributions

    The most general word for the polite arts in ancient China is yì 藝. [GENERAL]

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 仁/BENEVOLENCE Rén 仁 (ant. cán 殘 "cruel" and perhaps ant.* rěn 忍 "be callous, unfeeling") which refers to kind-heartedness and deep human sensibility as a constitutive feature of man as a moral being, is the standard word since Confucius. [ETHICAL], [HIGH-DEGREE]
    • Assoc: 技/CRAFT Jì 技 is a general term for highly developed skills of any kind, including the professional skills. See SKILL
    • Assoc: 經/CLASSIC The pre-Han general term which became culturally crucial in Han times is jīng 經 (opp. zhuàn 傳 "commentary on classics") which can refer to any canonised codified "classical" text.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactthe fine arts; required cultural skills
    • nabdispositionartistic ability, craft
    • nab{PRED}tensedwill be an art 死藝 (without 也)
    • vibe talented in the arts, be well-educated in the arts
    • viactengage in the liberal or polite arts
    雅  yǎ OC: ŋɡraaʔ MC: ŋɣɛ 9 Attributions

    Yǎ 雅 sometimes describes something as belonging to the realm of what is formed in a dignified way in accordance with the arts. See ELEGANT [ELEVATED], [MORAL]

      Syntactic words
    • nabacteducated behaviour, civilised behaviour informed by cultivation of the arts
    • vadNeducated in the arts (ant. sú 俗 "vulgar"); refined through exposure to the arts
    武  wǔ OC: mbaʔ MC: mi̯o 7 Attributions

    Wǔ 武 refers specifically to the martial arts. [SPECIALISED]; [[CURRENT]]

      Syntactic words
    • n[adN]N=hummilitary man
    • nabdispositionmartial arts; martial skills; military accomplishment
    • nadNinclined towards the military, dominated by interest in military matters
    文章  wén zhāng OC: mɯn kjaŋ MC: mi̯un tɕi̯ɐŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPab{N1=N2}actrecognised achievements in the polite arts; LY 夫子之文章
    雅文  yǎ wén OC: ŋɡraaʔ mɯn MC: ŋɣɛ mi̯un 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadNcivilised and dignified
    六藝  liù yì OC: ɡ-ruɡ ŋeds MC: luk ŋiɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPthe six liberal arts
    文雅  wén yǎ OC: mɯn ŋɡraaʔ MC: mi̯un ŋɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNeducated in the polite and elegant arts
    技藝  jì yì OC: ɡreʔ ŋeds MC: giɛ ŋiɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabdispositionarts
    藝文  yì wén OC: ŋeds mɯn MC: ŋiɛi mi̯un 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsocialthe arts