YOUNG    年輕幼

Of SMALL AGE.
YOUTHFULJUVENILEJUNIORADOLESCENTTEENAGEIN THE SPRINGTIME OF LIFEIN ONE'S SALAD DAYS
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general "absolute" word for tender youth is yòu 幼 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up"), and this word refers to young age of animals, as well as humans. 2. Zhì 稚 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up") refers "absolutely" to young age in humans, but the word came to refer to young age in animals as well at later stages from Song times onwards. 3. Shào 少 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up") is a comparative term and refers specifically to relatively young age in humans; note that a person remains shào 少 "junior" (ant. zhǎng 長 "senior") in respect to elders until he is very old indeed.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 HUMAN AFFAIRS 35. YOUNGER IN FAMILY 排行在後。 仲，排行第二，可作字。 叔，排行第三，可作字；亦泛指排行在後的眾弟兄。 季，排行第四，泛指最小的，可作名或字。
Modern Chinese Criteria
幼小 幼稚 幼 稚 弱 雛 子 仔 乳 嫩 年輕 後生 青春 少相 少壯 正當年 血氣方剛 膂力方剛 年輕氣盛 青春年少 含苞欲放 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Antonym
  • OLDOf BIG AGE OR having EXISTED for an ENDURING PERIOD.
  • SENIOROLD IN-RELATION-TO ANOTHER.
  • ADULTHUMAN who is SUFFICIENTLY OLD to ESTABLISH his/her SEPARATE HOME.
See also
  • SMALLLACK BIGNESS IN-RELATION-TO a STANDARD, OR IN-RELATION-TO the SIZE of a HUMAN.
Hypernym
  • AGE　PERIOD a CREATURE has been LIVE:alive in the PAST.  (anc: 5/0, child: 3)
  • PERIOD　TIME CONSISTING of a LIMITED SEQUENCE of MOMENTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 20)
  • TIME　ABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN. (anc: 3/0, child: 11)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 14.14

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    YOUNG

    iuventa refers to the season of youth as such.

    iuventus refers to a collection of young persons.

    Iuventas is the goddess of youth.

    JUVENILE

    iuvenalis refers positively to what pertains to young age rather than old age and decrepitude.

    iuvenilis refers negatively to what pertains to young age as opposed to maturity.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    ADOLESCENTIA, IUVENTUS

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 1.107

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 2.2193

    JEUNE, JEUNESSE

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 108ff

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.332

    • Words (26 items)

    少  shào OC: hmljews MC: ɕiɛu 48 Attributions

    Shào 少 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up") is a comparative term and refers specifically to relatively young age in humans; note that a person remains shào 少 "junior" (ant. zhǎng 長 "senior") in respect to elders until he is very old indeed.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 長/GROW The current general term for growth is zhǎng 長.
    • Ant: 長/SENIOR
    • Ant: 老/OLD The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new").
    • Ant: 長/SENIOR
    • Assoc: 幼/YOUNG The current general "absolute" word for tender youth is yòu 幼 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up"), and this word refers to young age of animals, as well as humans.
    • Oppos: 長/ADULT
    • Oppos: 壯/ADULT The current word for an adult is zhuàng 壯. [GENERAL], [GENERAL-USE]

      Syntactic words
    • nabyoung ageLZ
    • v[adN]N=humthe younger one; the youngest one
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe young; the younger; juniors
    • vadNof young age; (in office designations) junior; of younger age
    • vadVin one's young days; in one's younger days
    • vigradedcomparative intransitive verb: be junior; be a minor, be young; be younger than oneself 最少
    • vipost-Nyoung as far as one's age is concernedDS
    • vt+prep+Ngradedbe younger than
    幼  yòu OC: qriws MC: ʔi̯u 27 Attributions

    The current general "absolute" word for tender youth is yòu 幼 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up"), and this word refers to young age of animals, as well as humans.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 壯/ADULT The current word for an adult is zhuàng 壯. [GENERAL], [GENERAL-USE]
    • Ant: 老/OLD The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new").
    • Ant: 長/SENIOR
    • Epithet: 狂/CRAZY
    • Assoc: 弱/WEAK The current general word for weakness of any physical or abstract kind, and of anything including states, persons, and animals is ruò 弱 (ant. qiáng 強 "strong").
    • Assoc: 少/YOUNG Shào 少 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up") is a comparative term and refers specifically to relatively young age in humans; note that a person remains shào 少 "junior" (ant. zhǎng 長 "senior") in respect to elders until he is very old indeed.

      Syntactic words
    • nabyouth, time of youthCH
    • nabsocialjunior status
    • nsubject=nonrefthe young; the younger
    • v-p.adVwhen youngCH
    • v[adN]nonreferentialone who is young
    • vadNyoung
    • vibe young
    • vtoNattitudinalto treat somebody in a way which is appropriate for the treatment of young people
    弱  ruò OC: njewɡ MC: ȵi̯ɐk 12 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nnonreferentialthe young
    • v-p.adVwhen still a babyCH
    • vadNnon-restrictiveminor
    • vibe an infant; be young, be of an age where one is still very much dependent on others; be too young
    少年  shào nián OC: hmljews niin MC: ɕiɛu nen 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]young person
    少者  shào zhě MC: syewX tsyaeX OC: hmljews kljaʔ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPa youth, the young, young peopleLZ
    年少  nián shào OC: niin hmljews MC: nen ɕiɛu 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPyoung people
    • VPadNyoung of age> young
    • VPibe young
    弟子  dì zǐ OC: liilʔ sklɯʔ MC: dei tsɨ 4 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralyoung man; juniors
    子弟  zǐ dì OC: sklɯʔ liilʔ MC: tsɨ dei 4 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • NP(post-N)the young and able-bodied men of the contextually determinate placeCH
    • NPdisjunctionsons or younger brothersCH
    • NPnonreferentialyoung men
    幼少  yòu shào OC: qriws hmljews MC: ʔi̯u ɕiɛu 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialthe young (humans?)
    • VP[adN]be a minorCH
    • VPadVwhen the subject was very young
    • VPibe very young; be still a child
    少小  shào xiǎo OC: hmljews smewʔ MC: ɕiɛu siɛu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVWhen young
    小年  xiǎo nián OC: smewʔ niin MC: siɛu nen 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPshort-lived creatures
    小時  xiǎo shí MC: sjewX dzyi OC: smewʔ ɡljɯ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPadV.[post-N{SUBJ}]at very young ageDS
    • NPadV.postN{SUBJ}N at very young ageDS
    壯  zhuàng 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe youngTWH
    夭  ǎo OC: qoowʔ MC: ʔɑu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nnewborn bird or animal
    小  xiǎo OC: smewʔ MC: siɛu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNOBI: young
    • vadVat a young age
    • vibe young
    幼稚  yòu zhì OC: qriws ɡrluls MC: ʔi̯u ɖi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiintensitivebe very young
    少時  shào shí MC: syewX dzyi OC: hmljews ɡljɯ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadVas a young person, in one's youthCH
    幼小  yòu xiǎo OC: qriws smewʔ MC: ʔi̯u siɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe young
    孩  hái OC: ɡɯɯ MC: ɦəi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nadNvery young (animal)
    孩抱  hái bào OC: ɡɯɯ buuʔ MC: ɦəi bɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtimeyouth
    小來  xiǎo lái OC: smewʔ m-rɯɯ MC: siɛu ləi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVfrom youth
    孩提  hái tí MC: hoj -- OC: ɡɯɯ ɡ-lee 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNquite youngCH
    草  cǎo OC: tshuuʔ MC: tshɑu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadNso young as not yet to eat grain but only grass 草駒
    童冠  tóng guàn OC: dooŋ koons MC: duŋ kʷɑn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPcollectiveyoung people below and above the age where one turns adult
    沖  chōng OC: ɡrluŋ MC: ɖuŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNyoung; weak (SHU)
    稚  zhì OC: ɡrluls MC: ɖi 0 Attributions

    Zhì 稚(ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up") refers "absolutely" to young age in humans, but the word came to refer to young age in animals as well at later stages from Song times onwards.

      Syntactic words
    • viabsolute: young of age (of humans) (also written 治