DRINK    喝飲

EAT LIQUID.
SWALLOWGULP DOWNQUAFFGUZZLEIMBIBESIPCONSUMEINFORMAL SWIGDOWNKNOCK BACKPUT AWAYSWILLCHUG
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The dominant word for imbibing any liquid, alcoholic or non-alcoholic is yǐn 飲. 2. Shāng 觴 "to poculate, to drink on formal occasions" is a highly formal word referring always to the festive consumption of alcohol. 3. Jiào 釂 is a very rare formal word for drinking alcohol. 4. Chuò 啜 refers to slurping noisily and with gastronomic appreciation.. 5. Xī 吸 refers to quiet sipping of any liquids. 6. Shòu 壽 refers specifically to drinking the health of an honoured person in his presence, and this involves consumption of alcohol. 7. Chuò 歠 is a poetic word for drinking alcohol.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 FOOD 8. 進食液體物。 飲，通稱。 啜，帶品味地小口吸飲。 吸，對密度較小的液體用力急飲。 吮，用力從他物中持續吸飲。 呷，吸飲，中古出現的口語詞。 歃，盟會時飲牲血。 喝，元代口語，後成為口語中吸飲的通稱。
Modern Chinese Criteria
喝 飲 呷 啜 喝酒 飲用 啜 / 歃 啜 啜飲 啐 吸 refers to sucking or sipping in and is marginal in the series. 一口飲干 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • DRUNK　DRINK EXCESSIVELY MUCH LIQUOR so as to BECOME INTOXICATED. (anc: 15/0, child: 0)
  • SUCK　SEEM to DRINK by CAUSING to ENTER ONE'S MOUTH by BREATHING IN. (anc: 15/0, child: 1)
  • TOAST　DRINK TOGETHER with OTHERS AND SAY that one CONGRATULATES someone OR CELEBRATES SOMETHING. (anc: 15/0, child: 0)
Hypernym
  • EAT　PUT into one's MOUTH so as to SWALLOW. (anc: 13/0, child: 3)
  • PUT　DISPLACE IN ORDER TO CAUSE TO BE-IN a PLACE. (anc: 12/0, child: 6)
  • DISPLACE　CAUSE to MOVE. (anc: 11/0, child: 28)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 5.13

  • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 474©

    BIBERE ore hasto potu interiora humectare. Si guttim, dicitur Sugere (pitissare). si infusim, Potare; si attractu spiritus, Sorbere; si lingua exserta, lambere.

  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 206

    74. In Codice Regiovaticano 1838, in quo Differentiae aliquando copiosiores sunt, quam in Excusis, id ita refertur: Inter bibere et potare: bibimus necessitate, potamus voluntate; alii dicunt: Bibere naturae est, potare luxuriae. [AREV.]

    ]

    74. Inter Bibere et potare. Bibere naturae est, potare luxuriae.

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    DRINK

    bibere refers to drinking in the style of a human.

    potare refers to drinking in the style of a beast.

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 109 and 278

  • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

  • Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the Other Italic Languages ( DE VAAN 2008) p.

    bibo, -ere 'to drink' [v. Ill; pf. bibl, ppp. bibitum] (Andr.+)

    Derivatives: bibosus 'addicted to drink' (Lab.+), bibulus 'fond of drinking,

    absorbent' (Lucr.+); adbibere 'to drink in' (P1.+), combibere 'to absorb' (Cato+),

    combibo 'drinking-companion' (Lucil.+), ebibere 'to drink up, swallow' (P1-+),

    perbibere 'to drink deeply, absorb' (P1.+).

    • Words (21 items)

    飲  yǐn OC: qrɯmʔ MC: ʔim 59 Attributions

    The dominant word for imbibing any liquid, alcoholic or non-alcoholic is yǐn 飲.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 食/EAT The general word is shí 食 which refers to any form of taking in food, but the word is probably primarily a noun meaning "food". Cf. 飯疏食 "dine on coarse food".
    • Relat: 酒/LIQUOR
    • Oppos: 膳/DELICACY Shàn 膳, yáo 肴/餚/殽, zhēn 珍, wèi 味, xiū 饈/羞 all refer generally to delicacies.
    • Oppos: 食/FOOD The general term for food is shí 食 and this includes food as well as drink and can refer generally to one's livelihood, also to staple foods as opposed to delicacies involving meat, such as kuài 膾 "minced meat, raw".
    • Oppos: 飯/EAT Fàn 飯 is to dine on some basic foodstuff, and the word is secondarily a noun meaning "foodstuff, staple food".

      Syntactic words
    • nabactdrinking
    • nmbeverage, drinkable liquid
    • vadNdesigned for drinking
    • viactpropose a toast [CHANGE SYNONYM GROUP TO "GREET, SALUTE"]
    • vt(oN)drink the contextually determinate Nm; drink from Nm
    • vt(oNm)drink the Nm (e.g. not: drink wine, but: drink the wine in question)CH
    • vt+prep+Ndrink from
    • vt[oN]drink alcohol
    • vt[oN]inchoativestart to drink wineDS
    • vtoNdrink; drink from
    • vtoNcausativeserve wine to a contextually determinate person
    • vtoNcausativepassive or middle voice: be drunk toCH
    • vtoNfigurative(figuratively) drink> be exposed to 飲恨
    酒  jiǔ OC: skluʔ MC: tsɨu 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactthe drinking of a toast, a toast; the consumption of wine; wine-drinking
    • vt[oN]poculate, drink wine
    • vtoNdrink
    啜  chuò OC: thjod MC: tɕhiɛt 5 Attributions

    Chuò 啜 refers to slurping noisily and with gastronomic appreciation.

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Ndrink from
    • vt[oN]slurp; drink
    • vtoNslurp, sip unceremoniously; MENG 4A25: have something (not necessarily anything distinguished) to drink to quell one's thirst
    觴  shāng OC: lʰaŋ MC: ɕi̯ɐŋ 4 Attributions

    Shāng 觴 "to poculate, to drink on formal occasions" is a highly formal word referring always to the festive consumption of alcohol.

      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]poculate; drink alcohol
    • vtoNtreat to a drinking party; regale with food and wine
    喫  chī OC: kheeɡ MC: khek 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)drink (a contextually determinate N)
    • vtoNdrink
    歠  chuò OC: thjod MC: tɕhiɛt 3 Attributions

    Chuò 歠 is a poetic word for drinking alcohol.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto drink; swill
    飲醉  yǐn zuì OC: qrɯmʔ skuds MC: ʔim tsi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiresultativedrink oneself drunk
    吸  xī OC: hŋrɯb MC: hip 2 Attributions

    Xī 吸 refers to quiet sipping of any liquids.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpoetic: suck in, sip carefully
    酳  yìn OC: lins MC: jin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]to sip; to drink; to rinse to mouth with wine
    釂  jiào OC: tsewɡs MC: tsiɛu 1 Attribution

    Jiào 釂 is a very rare formal word for drinking alcohol.

      Syntactic words
    • viactdrink up alcohol
    食  shí OC: ɢljɯɡ MC: ʑɨk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdrink; metaphorically: absorb liquid
    • vtt[oN1] prep N2suck [milk] at N2DS
    啐  cuì OC: skhuuds MC: tshuo̝i 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNsip, drink; taste
    嚃  tà OC: kh-luub MC: thəp 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto drink; gulp down
    嚽  chuo4 MC: -- OC: -- 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoN= 啜: to slurpLZ
    飮  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    酒闌  jiǔ lán OC: skluʔ ɡ-raan MC: tsɨu lɑn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactdrink until the wine runs out; have drunk to one's satisfaction; have drunk enough alcohol
    乳  rǔ OC: njoʔ MC: ȵi̯o 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]suckle milk (from mother's breast)
    呷  xiā OC: qhraab MC: hɣap 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNsip
    壽  shòu OC: djuʔ MC: dʑɨu 0 Attributions

    Shòu 壽 refers specifically to drinking the health of an honoured person in his presence, and this involves consumption of alcohol.

      Syntactic words
    歃  shà OC: sqreeb MC: ʂɣɛp 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdrink a small amount of sacrificial blood as part of a ceremony for a formal contract
    禨  jì OC: kɯls MC: kɨi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nmLIJI, acc to Zheng Xuan: stimulating drink after a bath